Networking Terms

Network - In general terms, a network refers to the physical connection of two or more devices.  A network is established by connecting two computers together to share files or a printer. 

Peer-to-Peer - This type of network is established primarily for the purpose of sharing resources among a small number of computers (2-5).  This type of network should only be considered if there are no concerns related to system growth or resource security.

Client/Server - This type of network is based around a central computer (server) acting as a central point

Workgroups - In a large Client/Server network, workgroups are sometimes created to spread the management overhead among smaller groups.  Workgroup is also used to describe groups or departments, within a large organization, that share resources.

LAN - Local Area Network - The term local area network is used to describe a network that is contained within one location.

WAN - Wide Area Network - The term wide area network is used describe the connection of two or more local area networks.

Network Devices

NIC - Network Interface Card - A piece of equipment that allows you to connect a device to a network.

Patch cable - A special cable that is used to connect all of these network devices.

Hub - A simple device that provides a connection within a network of more than two devices.

Switch - A network switch is similar to a hub in that provides a connection within a network of more than two devices.  The difference between a switch and a hub is the switch's ability to be configured.

Router - A router allows networks, that may speak different languages, to communicate.  A router is used to connect a local area network to a wide area network.

Firewall - A firewall is a security device that monitors traffic between your network and an external network (i.e. the internet)

Smart Jack - A smart jack is supplied by your local telephone company to connect your network to the telephone companies network.

Network Connectivity

Ethernet - Ethernet is a topology (set of rules) that defines the physical connection of local network devices.

ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network

BRI - Basic Rate Interface

PRI - Primary Rate Interface

Frame Relay -

DSL - Digital  Subscriber Line